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MD.L.Standards for Language (L)
Standards for Language (L)
Conventions of Standard EnglishL1.CCR. Anchor Standard: Demonstrate command of the conventions of Standard English grammar and usage when writing or speaking.K.L1-b. Demonstrate command of the conventions of standard English grammar and usage when writing or speaking – Use frequently occurring nouns and verbs.K.L1-b.1. With prompting and support, demonstrate the use of nouns as naming words when speaking and writing.Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game & Study Guide Nouns
K.L1-c. Demonstrate command of the conventions of standard English grammar and usage when writing or speaking – Form regular plural nouns orally by adding /s/ or /es/ (e.g., dog, dogs; wish, wishes).K.L1-c.1. With prompting and support, use regular plural nouns when speaking and writing.Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game & Study Guide Nouns
K.L1-f. Demonstrate command of the conventions of standard English grammar and usage when writing or speaking – Produce and expand complete sentences in shared language activities.K.L1-f.2. With prompting and support, use modifiers (i.e. adjectives, adverbs, pronouns, etc.) to expound on ideas in order to expand complete sentences when speaking and writing.Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game & Study Guide Pronouns
L2.CCR. Anchor Standard: Demonstrate command of the conventions of standard English capitalization, punctuation, and spelling when writing.K.L2-a. Demonstrate command of the conventions of standard English capitalization, punctuation, and spelling when writing – Capitalize the first word in a sentence and the pronoun I.K.L2-a.1. With prompting and support, distinguish between names and other nouns.Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game & Study Guide Nouns
K.L2-a.2. With prompting and support, use capital letters for first letter of names (proper nouns), at the beginning of a sentence and the pronoun I.
K.L2-b. Demonstrate command of the conventions of standard English capitalization, punctuation, and spelling when writing – Recognize and name end punctuation.K.L2-b.1. With prompting and support, use period, question mark or exclamation point appropriately at the end of sentences.
K.L2-b.2. With prompting and support, practice and apply skill in writing.
K.L2-c. Demonstrate command of the conventions of standard English capitalization, punctuation, and spelling when writing – Write a letter or letters for most consonant and short-vowel sounds (phonemes).K.L2-c.1. With prompting and support, identify letter or letters for most consonant and short vowel sounds presented in a variety of texts.
K.L2-c.2. With prompting and support, demonstrate an understanding of the relationship between sounds and letters.
K.L2-c.3. With prompting and support, write letters for most consonant and short vowel sounds in writing.
K.L2-d. Demonstrate command of the conventions of standard English capitalization, punctuation, and spelling when writing – Spell simple words phonetically, drawing on knowledge of sound-letter relationships.K.L2-d.2. With prompting and support, apply conventional spelling for grade appropriate words in writing.Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game & Study Guide Spelling
K.L2-d.3. With prompting and support, use letters to represent phonemes in words.Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game & Study Guide Spelling
Vocabulary Acquisition and UseL4.CCR. Anchor Standard: Determine or clarify the meaning of unknown and multiple-meaning words and phrases by using context clues, analyzing meaningful word parts, and consulting general and specialized reference materials, as appropriate.K.L4-a. Determine or clarify the meaning of unknown and multiple-meaning words and phrases based on kindergarten reading and content – Identify new meanings for familiar words and apply them accurately (e.g., knowing duck is a verb and learning the verb to duck).K.L4-a.1. With prompting and support, access prior knowledge and experiences to determine the meaning of words and phrases.
K.L4-a.2. With prompting and support, discuss words and word meanings as they are encountered in texts, instruction and conversations.
L5.CCR. Anchor Standard: Demonstrate understanding of figurative language, word relationships, and nuances in word meanings.K.L5-a. With guidance and support from adults, explore word relationships and nuances in word meanings – Sort common objects into categories (e.g., shapes, foods) to gain a sense of the concepts the categories represent.K.L5-a.1. With prompting and support, discuss commonalities among groups of words.
K.L5-a.2. Sort and categorize objects.
K.L5-c. With guidance and support from adults, explore word relationships and nuances in word meanings – Identify real-life connections between words and their use (e.g., note places at school that are colorful).K.L5-c.1. With prompting and support, access prior knowledge and experiences to identify connections between words and their application to real life.
K.L5-c.2. With prompting and support, develop prior knowledge and vocabulary through exposure to a variety of literary and informational text (narrative and expository) reflecting a wide range of cultures).
MD.RF.Standards for Reading Foundational Skills (RF)
Standards for Reading Foundational Skills (RF)
Print ConceptsK.RF1. Demonstrate understanding of the organization and basic features of print.K.RF1.a. Follow words from left to right, top to bottom, and page by page.K.RF1.a.2. With prompting and support, follow words from left to right, top to bottom, front to back and page by page.
K.RF1.a.3. With prompting and support, make return sweep to next line of text.
K.RF1.b. Recognize that spoken words are represented in written language by specific sequences of letters.K.RF1.b.1. With prompting and support, engage in a variety of literacy experiences (e.g., shared reading and writing, Interactive Read Alouds, language experience stories, etc.) using a wide selection of texts (e.g., a variety of structures and/or genres representin
K.RF1.c. Understand that words are separated by spaces in print.K.RF1.c.1. With prompting and support, engage in a wide variety of literacy experiences involving writing that focuses on spaces in print (e.g., Interactive Read Alouds, shared reading and writing, language experience stories, small group instruction, etc.).
K.RF1.d. Recognize and name all upper and lowercase letters of the alphabet.K.RF1.d.2. With prompting and support, engage in a wide variety of literacy experiences involving writing that focuses on upper and lower case letters in print (e.g., Interactive Read Alouds, shared reading and writing, language experience stories, small group instr
K.RF1.d.3. With prompting and support, attend to print in order to learn letter names.
FluencyK.RF4. Read emergent-reader texts with purpose and understanding.K.RF4.1. With prompting and support, listen to Interactive Read Alouds of steadily increasing complexity (informational and literary, across all structures and genres of text, representing a wide variety of cultures) in order to observe models of fluent reading an
K.RF4.4. With prompting and support, recite nursery rhymes, poems, and finger plays from a wide variety of genres with expression.
K.RF4.5. With prompting and support, use knowledge of end punctuation to signal expression in reading.
K.RF4.6. With prompting and support, recognize that the pictures help to explain the text.
K.RF4.7. With prompting and support, use known high-frequency words when reading the text.
K.RF4.8. With prompting and support, use the first letter sound and the picture to determine the meaning of an unknown word.
Phonological AwarenessK.RF2. Demonstrate understanding of spoken words, syllables, and sounds (phonemes).K.RF2.a. Recognize and produce rhyming words.K.RF2.a.2. With prompting and support, recognize rhyming words in spoken language.
K.RF2.a.3. With prompting and support, understand the relationship between onset/time in creating rhyming words.
K.RF2.a.4. With prompting and support, demonstrate auditory discrimination to match rime/same beginning and ending sound.
K.RF2.a.5. With prompting and support, demonstrate auditory discrimination of rimes/same ending sounds.
K.RF2.a.6. With prompting and support, identify rhyme in poems and stories read aloud.
K.RF2.a.7. With prompting and support, repeat and produce rhyming words.
K.RF2.b. Count, pronounce, blend, and segment syllables in spoken words.K.RF2.b.2. With prompting and support, identify letters, sounds and corresponding sounds.
K.RF2.b.3. With prompting and support, orally blend word parts (e.g., onsets, rimes, and compound words).
K.RF2.b.4. With prompting and support, identify whether isolated sounds are same or different.
K.RF2.b.5. With prompting and support, blend sounds and syllables to form words.
K.RF2.c. Blend and segment onsets and rimes of single-syllable spoken words.K.RF2.c.1. With prompting and support, identify initial and final sounds in a word.
K.RF2.c.2. With prompting and support, categorize words as same or different by onset and rime.
K.RF2.c.3. With prompting and support, orally blend word parts (e.g., onsets, rimes).
K.RF2.d. Isolate and pronounce the initial, medial vowel, and final sounds (phonemes) in three-phoneme (consonant-vowel-consonant, or CVC) words. (This does not include CVCs ending with /l/, /r/, or /x/.)K.RF2.d.1. With prompting and support, isolate and pronounce the initial, medial and final sounds in spoken words.
K.RF2.d.2. With prompting and support, recognize similarities and differences in the initial, medial and final sounds of words.
K.RF2.e. Add or substitute individual sounds (phonemes) in simple, one-syllable words to make new words.K.RF2.e.1. With prompting and support, orally blend and segment individual phonemes in three phoneme words.
Phonics and Word RecognitionK.RF3. Know and apply grade-level phonics and word analysis skills in decoding words.K.RF3.a. Demonstrate basic knowledge of one-to-one letter-sound correspondence by producing the primary or many of the most frequent sound for each consonant.K.RF3.a.2. With prompting and support, use pictures or symbols to cue sound of the consonant letters.
K.RF3.b. Associate the long and short sounds with common spellings (graphemes) for the five major vowels.K.RF3.b.1. With prompting and support, identify the difference between consonants and vowels.
K.RF3.b.2. With prompting and support, recognize that a single vowel letter stands for a short or long vowel sound.
K.RF3.c. Read common high-frequency words by sight (e.g., the, of, to, you, she, my, is, are, do, does).K.RF3.c.1. With prompting and support, recognize and read high-frequency words with increasing automaticity.
K.RF3.d. Distinguish between similarly spelled words by identifying the sounds of the letter that differ.K.RF3.d.1. With prompting and support, identify sounds of words in isolation.
MD.RI.Standards for Reading Informational Text (RI)
Standards for Reading Informational Text (RI)
Key Ideas and DetailsRI1.CCR. Anchor Standard: Read closely to determine what the text says explicitly and to make logical inferences from it; cite specific textual evidence when writing or speaking to support conclusions drawn from the text.K.RI1. With prompting and support, ask and answer questions about key details in a text.K.RI1.1. With prompting and support, apply appropriate strategies before reading, viewing, or listening to increasingly complex informational text (a wide variety including expository and narrative structures and types e.g. trade books, magazines, multimedia resou
K.RI1.2. With prompting and support, apply appropriate strategies to monitor understanding during reading, viewing, or listening to informational text: use text features and graphic aids to facilitate understanding; recall and discuss what is understood; identify Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game & Study Guide Predictions
K.RI1.3. With prompting and support, demonstrate understanding orally or in developmentally appropriate writing after reading, viewing, or listening to a text: engage in conversations to retell details in the text (See CCSS SL.K.1); describe what is directly stateQuiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game & Study Guide Predictions
RI2.CCR. Anchor Standard: Determine central ideas or themes of a text and analyze their development; summarize the key supporting details and ideas.K.RI2. With prompting and support, identify the main topic and retell key details of a text.K.RI2.2. With prompting and support, use text and graphic features as sources to identify the main topic.Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game & Study Guide Main Idea
K.RI2.4. With prompting and support, connect the key details to determine the main topic of a text.Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game & Study Guide Main Idea
K.RI2.5. With prompting and support, retell the main topic and key details.Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game & Study Guide Main Idea
K.RI2.6. With prompting and support, participate in discussion about the main topic in order to recall one or more detail(s) from the text and to respond to questions about the topic and details.
RI3.CCR. Anchor Standard: Analyze how and why individuals, events, and ideas develop and interact over the course of text.K.RI3. With prompting and support, describe the connection between two individuals, events, ideas, or pieces of information in a text.K.RI3.2. With prompting and support, demonstrate an understanding of sequential order.
K.RI3.3. With prompting and support, retell two events, ideas, or pieces of information, or identify two individuals in a text.Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game & Study Guide Main Idea
K.RI3.4. With prompting and support, explain the relationship between two individuals, events, ideas, or pieces of information, (e.g., compare/ contrast, cause/effect).
K.RI3.5. With prompting and support, explain how someone might use the text.
Range of Reading and Level of Text ComplexityRI10.CCR. Anchor Standard: Read and comprehend complex literary and informational texts independently and proficiently.K.RI10. Actively engage in group reading activities with purpose and understanding.K.RI10.2. With prompting and support, use a variety of strategies to determine and clarify the meaning of unknown and multiple meaning words and phrases.
K.RI10.3. With prompting and support, use text features, graphic aids, and organizational structures to facilitate understanding.
K.RI10.5. With prompting and support, participate in collaborative conversations with diverse partners about Kindergarten topics and texts with peers and adults in small and larger groups. (CCSS SL.K.1)
Craft and StructureRI4.CCR. Anchor Standard: Interpret words and phrases as they are used in a text, including determining technical, connotative, and figurative meanings, and analyze how specific word choices shape meaning or tone.K.RI4. With prompting and support, ask and answer questions about unknown words in a text.K.RI4.3. With prompting and support, use text, illustrations, graphic aides (e.g. print features, size of print, illustrations/photographs, drawings, maps, graphs and diagrams) to identify meaning of unknown words.
RI5.CCR. Anchor Standard: Analyze the structure of texts, including how specific sentences, paragraphs, and larger portions of the text (e.g., a section, chapter, scene, or stanza) relate to each other and the whole.K.RI5. Identify the front cover, back cover, and title page of a book.K.RI5.1. With prompting and support, identify information appropriate for the front cover, back cover, and title page.
Integration of Knowledge and IdeasRI7.CCR. Anchor Standard: Integrate and evaluate content presented in diverse media and formats, including visually and quantitatively, as well as in words.K.RI7. With prompting and support, describe the relationship between illustrations and the text in which they appear (e.g., what person, place, thing, or idea in the text an illustration depicts).K.RI7.1. With prompting and support, describe the illustrations in a text.
K.RI7.2. With prompting and support, identify commonalities between text and illustrations/photographs or text features; explain how they support each other.
K.RI7.3. With prompting and support, explain how illustrations/photographs contribute to understanding of the text.
K.RI7.4. With prompting and support, cross-check understanding from details provided by the illustrator/photographer compared to information provided by the author.
K.RI7.5. With prompting and support, participate in discussions about the information derived from details in the illustrations/photographs in an informational text.
RI8.CCR. Anchor Standard: Delineate and evaluate the argument and specific claims in a text, including the validity of the reasoning as well as the relevance and sufficiency of the evidence.K.RI8. With prompting and support, identify the reasons an author gives to support points in a text.K.RI8.4. With prompting and support, answer questions about details and how they support the point(s) in a text.
RI9.CCR. Anchor Standard: Analyze how two or more texts address similar themes or topics in order to build knowledge or to compare the approaches the authors take.K.RI9. With prompting and support, identify basic similarities in and differences between two texts on the same topic (e.g., in illustrations, descriptions, or procedures).K.RI9.2. With prompting and support, identify the topic of a text.Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game & Study Guide Main Idea
K.RI9.3. With prompting and support, recognize texts that have the same topic.
K.RI9.5. With prompting and support, participate in discussions to identify the similarities and differences between two texts on the same topic.
K.RI9.6. With prompting and support, ask and answer questions about key details in a text read aloud or presented orally or through other media. (CCSS SL.K.2)
MD.RL.Standards for Reading Literature (RL)
Standards for Reading Literature (RL)
Key Ideas and DetailsRL1.CCR. Anchor Standard: Read closely to determine what the text says explicitly and to make logical inferences from it; cite specific textual evidence when writing or speaking to support conclusions drawn from the text.K.RL1. With prompting and support, ask and answer questions about key details in a text.K.RL1.1. With prompting and support, apply appropriate strategies before reading, viewing, or listening to a text: use prior knowledge and experiences to make connections to the text; make predictions or ask questions about the text by examining the title, cover, Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game & Study Guide Predictions
K.RL1.2. With prompting and support, apply appropriate strategies to monitor understanding during reading, viewing, or listening to a text: recall and discuss what is understood; identify and question what did not make sense; make, confirm, or adjust predictions; Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game & Study Guide Predictions
K.RL1.3. With prompting and support, demonstrate understanding after reading, viewing, or listening to a text: retell and discuss the text; engage in conversation to understand the text; determine the main idea of a text.Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game & Study Guide Main Idea Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game & Study Guide Story Retell
K.RL1.4. With prompting and support, participate actively and appropriately in discussions about literary text (See CCSS SL.K.1, 2, 3).
K.RL1.5. With prompting and support, respond to questions about text by speaking, dramatizing, or writing, including the use of technology (See CCSS SL.K.5; CCSS W.K.6; MD SLM K-1 5A1.a).
RL2.CCR. Anchor Standard: Determine central ideas or themes of a text and analyze their development; summarize the key supporting details and ideas.K.RL2. With prompting and support, retell familiar stories, including key details.K.RL2.1. With prompting and support, listen to, read, and discuss a variety of literary texts (narrative text structure, both fiction and non-fiction) representing diverse cultures, perspectives, and ethnicities.
K.RL2.2. With prompting and support, identify the elements of a story (e.g., characters, setting, problem, and solution).Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game & Study Guide Settings
K.RL2.4. With prompting and support, retell story events in a logical sequence.Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game & Study Guide Story Retell
RL3.CCR. Anchor Standard: Analyze how and why individuals, events, and ideas develop and interact over the course of text.K.RL3. With prompting and support, identify characters, settings, and major events in a story.K.RL3.1. With prompting and support, understand the terms: character, setting, major events.Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game & Study Guide Settings
K.RL3.2. With prompting and support, identify characters, setting, and major events in a story through use of dramatization, puppets, discussion, developmentally appropriate writing, drawing, etc.Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game & Study Guide Settings
Range of Reading and Level of Text ComplexityRL10.CCR. Anchor Standard: Read and comprehend complex literary and informational texts independently and proficiently.K.RL10. Actively engage in group reading activities with purpose and understanding.K.RL10.1. With prompting and support, develop comprehension skills by listening to a variety of appropriate increasingly complex literary texts (self-selected and assigned) representing diverse cultures, perspectives, ethnicities, and time periods (fiction and non-
K.RL10.2. With prompting and support, use a variety of strategies to determine and clarify the meaning of unknown and multiple meaning words and phrases.
K.RL10.4. With prompting and support, participate in collaborative conversations with peers about grade-level complex text (See CCSS SL.K.1).
Craft and StructureRL4.CCR. Anchor Standard: Interpret words and phrases as they are used in a text, including determining technical, connotative, and figurative meanings, and analyze how specific word choices shape meaning or tone.K.RL4. Ask and answer questions about unknown words in a text.K.RL4.1. With prompting and support, use text and illustrations to identify meaning of unknown words.
K.RL4.4. Identify real-life connections between words and their use (e.g., note places at school that are colorful). (CCSS L.K.5c)
RL5.CCR. Anchor Standard: Analyze the structure of texts, including how specific sentences, paragraphs, and larger portions of the text (e.g., a section, chapter, scene, or stanza) relate to each other and the whole.K.RL5. Recognize common types of texts (e.g., storybooks, poems).K.RL5.2. With prompting and support, compare different versions of the same story, rhyme, or traditional tale.
RL6.CCR. Anchor Standard: Assess how point of view or purpose shapes the content and style of a text.K.RL6. With prompting and support, name the author and illustrator of a story and define the role of each in telling the story.K.RL6.1. With prompting and support, identify the role of (and use the terms) authors and illustrators.
Integration of Knowledge and IdeasRL7.CCR. Anchor Standard: Integrate and evaluate content presented in diverse media and formats, including visually and quantitatively, as well as in words.K.RL7. With prompting and support, describe the relationship between illustrations and the story in which they appear (e.g., what moment in a story an illustration depicts).K.RL7.1. With prompting and support, describe the illustrations in a story with relevant details.
K.RL7.2. With prompting and support, explain how illustrations contribute to understanding a story.
RL9.CCR. Anchor Standard: Analyze how two or more texts address similar themes or topics in order to build knowledge or to compare the approaches the authors take.K.RL9. With prompting and support, compare and contrast the adventures and experiences of characters in familiar stories.K.RL9.1. With prompting and support, explore/discuss story elements, including character(s) and events.
K.RL9.2. With prompting and support, discuss what characters do and say in a familiar story.
K.RL9.3. With prompting and support, recognize that characters have unique adventures and experiences.
K.RL9.4. With prompting and support, compare characters, including their experiences and actions.
MD.W.Standards for Writing (W)
Standards for Writing (W)
Text Types and PurposesW2.CCR. Anchor Standard: Write informative/explanatory texts to examine and convey complex ideas and information clearly and accurately through the effective selection, organization, and analysis of content.K.W2-a. Use a combination of drawing, dictating, and writing to compose informative/explanatory texts in which they name what they are writing about and supply some information about the topic – Name a topic.K.W2-a.1. With prompting and support, apply the prewriting stages of the writing process: identify the topic or book; establish or build upon a personal schema of a topic by attending to a learning experience (e.g. reading of text or hands on experience) to gain kn
K.W2-b. Use a combination of drawing, dictating, and writing to compose informative/explanatory texts in which they name what they are writing about and supply some information about the topic – Supply some facts about the topic.K.W2-b.4. With prompting and support, express orally or via developmentally appropriate writing several sentences using the facts that are all related to the topic: Use frequently occurring nouns and verbs (CCSS L.K.1b); Form regular plural nouns orally by adding /Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game & Study Guide Nouns
W3.CCR. Anchor Standard: Write narratives to develop real or imagined experiences or events using effective technique, well-chosen details, and well-structured event sequences.K.W3-b. Use combination of drawing, dictating, or writing to narrate a single event or several loosely linked events, tell about the events in the order in which they occurred, and provide a reaction to what happened – Include some details regarding what happenedK.W3-b.2. With prompting and support, apply knowledge of story structure: Produce complete simple sentences (CCSS L.K.1f); Use frequently occurring nouns and verbs (CCSS L.K.1b).Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game & Study Guide Nouns
K.W3-b.3. With prompting and support, listen to, discuss and use elaborative/descriptive language; rich language (i.e., multiple words for same noun and/or verb, adjectives, adverbs).Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game & Study Guide Nouns
K.W3-c. Use combination of drawing, dictating, or writing to narrate a single event or several loosely linked events, tell about the events in the order in which they occurred, and provide a reaction to what happened – Tell about the events in the order in which K.W3-c.1. With prompting and support, demonstrate an understanding of the purpose and importance of story structure (Beginning, Middle, End).
Production and Distribution of WritingW5.CCR. Anchor Standard: Develop and strengthen writing as needed by planning, revising, editing, rewriting, or trying a new approach.K.W5. With guidance and support from adults, respond to questions and suggestions from peers and add details to strengthen writing as needed.K.W5.3. Ask and answer questions about key details in a text read aloud or information presented orally or through other media (See CCSS SL.K.2).
Research to Build and Present KnowledgeW7.CCR. Anchor Standard: Conduct short as well as more sustained research projects based on focused questions, demonstrating understanding of the subject under investigation.K.W7. Participate in shared research and writing projects (e.g., explore a number of books by a favorite author and express opinions about them).K.W7.6. With prompting and support, contribute to a learning community (See MD SLM PK-1 5A1.d).
W8.CCR. Anchor Standard: Gather relevant information from multiple print and digital sources, assess the credibility and accuracy of each source, and integrate the information while avoiding plagiarism.K.W8. With guidance and support from adults, recall information from experiences or gather information from provided sources to answer a question.K.W8.6. With prompting and support, compose text using revising and editing strategies of effective writers and speakers: prepare writing for display by writing and editing using rules, such as capital letters and periods.